Saffron is one of the most delicious and expensive spices in the world, appreciated for its intense aroma and vibrant color.
In this article we will discover together how to grow it saffron, which has always been synonymous with luxury and refinement in international cuisine. Enjoy the reading!
Discovering Crocus Sativus
Il saffron, known as the most precious spice in the world, is extracted from the flowers of Crocus sativus. This flower produces three orange-red stigmas, which, when dried, become the saffron that we love so much.
Although the flower itself is small, the harvesting and processing process means the spice loses around 90% of its original weight, making it more valuable than gold.
Origin and diffusion
Il Crocus sativus it is mainly grown in Iran, where more than 90% of the world’s saffron is produced.
This high percentage is due to the intense harvesting and relatively low labor costs in that region.
However, the bulbils (called corms) of this plant are easy for gardeners to find and can be grown successfully in other parts of the world.
Nutritional benefits
Rich in nutritional benefits, saffron is known for its properties that help in treatment of heart disease and depression.
Manipulating the flowers and stigmas of this plant can even induce joy and uncontrollable laughter, according to some.
When and where to plant
For those who want to grow saffron, it is ideal to plant corms in late summer or early autumn. The specific timing depends on the growing area:
- USDA grades 3-6: Plant in August.
- Zampa USDA 7-10: Plant in September.
Soil preparation
Saffron crocuses need well-drained soil, preferably sandy or clayey.
It is also possible to grow them in poor soil, as long as they are partially amended with compost or bone meal.
Avoid soil that holds too much water to prevent corm rot.
Sun exposure and temperature
Saffron requires full sun, with at least eight hours of direct sunlight. Temperatures should be consistently mild from late autumn.
Watering and humidity
During the growing season, water moderately, providing about a half inch of water per week.
After harvesting the stigmas, stop watering to encourage corm dormancy. A drip irrigation system is ideal for avoiding damage to delicate flowers.
Fertilization
Saffron does not require much fertilization.
However, if you want to improve poor soil or support perennially grown corms, add a layer of compost or bone meal to the soil at the time of planting.
Collection
Saffron harvesting typically occurs 6-8 weeks after plantingAnd. The ideal time is the morning, when the flowers are partially open. Gently detach the flower from the stem and separate the red stigmas from the petals.
storage
After harvesting, the stigmas must be dried to ensure long-term storage. There are two drying methods:
- Air drying: Spread the stigmas on a paper towel in a shaded area for about three days.
- Using a dehydrator: Dry at 45 degrees for three hours.
Once dried, the stigmas must be stored in airtight containers and protected from light to maintain their quality.
